Grooved pipe couplings and fittings are used to join pipes in both wet and dry system. They provided some flexibility in terms of movement and deflection to the piping system. The concept of grooved coupling was invented in when Victaulic designed the first mechanical coupling. Though many other companies make mechanical grooved couplings, grooved couplings are still known mostly as Victualic pipe couplings or Victaulic style pipe fittings.
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Grooved pipe fittings consist of grooved couplings, grooved fittings, grooved outlets, grooved valves and grooved replacement parts. Typical application of grooved fittings are in sprinkler risers, pipe feeds passing from one building area to another, locations prone to earthquakes, in discharge line above pump suction, in air or water fire services lines, piping systems subject to excessive vibration, and installation in tight spaces or where pipe alignment is difficult.
Grooved pipe fittings are limited to use with rolled or cut groove pipe, valve and fittings. These fittings are rated to 175 psi ( kPa) as a minimum. Pipe grooves are made according to ANSI/AWWA C606 specification "Grooved and Shouldered Joints".
These couplings are FM approved and can be used in underground services. The maximum ambient temperature for these couplings are 225 deg F (107 deg C)
These couplings are sold by nominal pipe sizes and will fit the corresponding nominal pipes ,valves and fittings.
A grooved coupling or a Victualic style groove coupling has four main components:
A grooved piping system is the most versatile, reliable and economical piping system. It is more reliable than a threaded or flanged connection and often results in 2x-4x faster installation. The system is designed to work with rolled or grooved pipes. Flexible grooved pipe couplings offer the flexiblity needed for vibration dampening or installation in earthquake prone areas.
Grooved piping systems offer up to 30% cost savings. It offers fast assembly in tight systems, cleaner systems with no welding slag, contamination or hot work permit. More predictable cost estimates for contractors, resulting in faster and cheaper installation.
A simple system with 3 components only Each pipe joint is a union Rolled or cut pipe groove
Each pipe joint is a flexible joint and removing the couplings allows removal of pipe for easy cleaning, servicing and maintenance. It also allows the flexibility to change the piping system and add / remove equipment.
Grooved pipe couplings require creating either a rolled groove or a machine cut groove. A rolled groove creates an indentation in the ID of the pipe whereas the machine cut groove is smooth on the ID. A rolled grooved is mostly done on thinner wall pipe whereas the machine cut groove is more common on thicker wall pipes. Grooved couplings are commonly installed on pipe schedules 5 to schedule 40.
A grooved pipe is much easier than a welded pipe joint, requiring no X Ray, hot work permit and associated hazards of welding a pipe.
Use of grooved pipe coupling isolates the noise and vibration. Resilient gasket absorbs noise and vibration resulting in a quieter system. Provides superior vibration attenuation and eliminates the need of noise suppression devices.
A grooved pipe joint allows for expansion and contraction of the pipe joint without compromising the integrity of the connection. It eliminates the need for costly expansion joints. Grooved pipe joints also eliminate pipe stresses for buried and underground pipes.
A groove is made in the pipe by cold forming and machine cutting a groove into the end of pipe. See figure below for difference between rolled and cut groove. A gasket is housed in the coupling housing and is wrapped around the pipe ends. The groove in the pipe mates with tongue in the pipe and creates a restraint that prevents pipe pull out. Gasket / sealing element creates the pressure barrier. The entire assembly is tightened with bolts and nuts.
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Flexible grooved pipe coupling
There are two types of basic grooved couplings:
Grooved Concentric Reducer Grooved 90 Deg Elbow Grooved Tee
Grooved Eccentric Reducer
Grooved and Threaded Adapter
Grooved Strap Tee Grooved Mechanical Tee
Grooved Butterfly Valve Grooved Check Valve
150# Grooved Weldolet Grooved X Threaded Nipple
Grooved pipe fittings were introduced in by Victaulic. Since then several manufacturers have entered the market. Notable among them are:
The link below has part numbers cross referenced between different manufacturers. If you are used to other brands, the table below will help you choose an equivalent fitting from the other manufacturer.
SCI (Cooplok) Grooved Part Number Cross Reference
All,
My experience in fire protection has been limited to the contractor side, and I was always taught to use grooved fittings whenever possible. The benefits as explained to me always made sense, prefabrication, less labor for installation, lower overall cost, etc.
I continually see project specifications that require threaded fittings on all piping 2" or smaller. I have never heard a pro threaded argument, just grumblings from my coworkers and supervisors that the design engineer is old fashioned and driving the project cost up.
I have tried googling the topic, but only seem to find sales literature from grooved fitting suppliers singing the praises of their products. Can anyone here offer any insight on this? Or is it really just a matter of "We have done it this way for the past XX years and we aren't going to change it now."?
The only benefit I could think of would be the ability to reduce branch line sizes at every head with the proper size reducing tee. My current employer does not keep an extensive stock of threaded reducing tees, and they may be on back order. In addition we like to use a single size pipe for branch lines to reduce the variety of sizes that need to be handled during prefabrication in the shop. K.I.S.S. These two points make the idea a non-starter before I get into the cost-benefit analysis of using one size of SCH10 pipe vs more optimized sizes of SCH40 pipe.
When I was fresh out of school and working on boilers in power gen I thought all of the "Old Farts" were out of touch and I was going to change the world. Over time I learned that most of the decisions made by senior engineers were based on good reasons, and that those reasons held true through the years more than I originally thought. Looking back on it, I can really only think of one person I would put in the "Out of Touch Old Fart" category at this point, and my attitude has been tempered with time and a little bit of embarrassment.
Considering my limited view as a contractor, and only having been in this trade for a few years, I was wondering if this board could enlighten me on anything I may be overlooking. I am on my way to obtaining a PE license, and some day I may be writing specifications myself. With that in mind I really want to expand my product knowledge.
Huey
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