Selecting a correctly sized chiller is a crucial decision. An undersized chiller will always be a problem &#; never able to properly cool the process equipment and the process water temperature will not be stable. In contrast, an oversized chiller will never be able to run at its most efficient level and prove more costly to operate. To determine the correct size of unit for the application it is necessary to know the rate of flow and the heat energy that the process equipment is adding to the cooling medium, i.e., the change in temperature between the inlet and outlet water, expressed as the &#;T. The formula for calculation purposes is: heat energy per second (or more commonly known as power) = mass flow rate × specific heat capacity × change in temperature (&#;T)&#;. The specific heat capacity of the water is nominally expressed as 4.2 kJ / kg K but if it contains a percentage of glycol additives that value is increased to 4.8 kJ / kg. K Note: 1K = 1°C and the density of water is 1 i.e.,1l of water volume = 1kg of water mass. Here is an example of the formula application to determine the correct kW sized chiller to handle a water flow rate of 2.36 l/s (8.5 m3/hr) with a temperature change of 5°C: heat energy per second (kJ/s or kW) = 2.36 l/s (Flow Rate) X 5°C (&#;T) X 4.2 kJ /kg K (Specific Heat Capacity of pure water), chiller size required = 49.6 kW. Alternatively, the heat load to be cooled may already be known in which case the formula can be re-arranged to determine the temperature difference (&#;T) that can be attained with different flow rates (achievable with different pump sizes). There may be other circumstances that can influence size choice. Planning for future plant expansion, exposure to high ambient temperatures, or location at high altitudes, could all lead to the specification of a different size of unit.
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Air-Cooled Chillers are basically a refrigeration system that work by transferring the heat energy from fluids. Air-Cooled Chillers are used in a wide variety of settings and industries including medical, pharmaceutical, chemical, biotechnology, semiconductor, food, construction, plastic, and many others
Air-Cooled Chillers condense refrigerant. This is accomplished by relying on a condenser, cooled by the ambient air, and fans to move the air over a finned coil to condense the refrigerant. The heat removed by the air-cooled chillers is then transferred to the surrounding environment. Often times this heat generates savings by heating or warming a space during the winter months.
Evaporation &#; In order to chill the fluid, a refrigeration process must first take place. The refrigeration process and lowers the temperature. A liquid refrigerant flows over the evaporator tube bundle where evaporation occurs, and vapor appears.
Compression &#; Once vapor appears, the compressor pulls the vapor from the evaporator and increases the pressure
Condensation &#;Leaving the compressor, the vapor reaches a condenser where the temperature is increased. The refrigerant condenses in the condenser tubes and releases its internal heat to the air.
Expansion &#; The high-pressure liquid moves through the expansion valve and returns to the evaporator where the refrigerant pressure is reduced causing flash evaporation and auto-refrigeration of typically less than half of the liquid.
1 &#; There is less water consumption because a water source is not required. Air-Cooled Chillers do not require a cooling tower.
2 &#; Easily set-up. Air-Cooled Chillers are easy to set-up and start-up.
3 &#; Typically lower start-up costs. No water treatment costs, lower maintenance costs. Typically, Air-Cooled Chillers have fewer parts so there is less of a demand for maintenance.
4 &#; Less function space is required for Air-Cooled Chillers. A mechanical room is not required, and the chiller may be placed in a parking lot or roof.
Budzar Industries has the capability and experience to design, engineer and manufacture both stationary and portable air-cooled chillers to your exact specifications.
Air-Cooled Chillers are typically located outdoors and can be on the roof, parking lot or at ground level, wherever there is access to a lot of fresh air to reject the heat generated by the process. If the chiller is placed indoors, it is important that there be adequate ventilation.
If you still have questions as to whether an Air-Cooled Chiller is the best option for your facility, contact our team today.
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